Download Presentation PowerPoint Slideshow about 'Needs Analysis, Program Evaluation, Program Implementation, Survey Construction, and the CIPP Model' - chenoa An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author.While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. • According to McKillip (1987), 'Needs are value judgments that a target group has problems that can be solved' (p. • Needs analysis, involving the identification and evaluation of needs, is a tool for decision making in the human services and education. • Decisions can be varied, including topics such as resource allocation, grant funding, and planning.

In other words: • Needs Analysis is a process of evaluating the problems and solutions identified for a target population. In this process, it emphasizes the importance and relevance of the problems and solutions. • This model defines Needs Analysis as a feedback process used by organizations to learn about and to adapt to the needs of their client populations. • A marketing strategy of needs analysis has three components: • Selection of the target population, those actually or potentially eligible for the service and able to make the necessary exchanges • Choice of competitive position, distinguishing the agency's services from those offered by other agencies and providers • Development of an effective marketing mix, selecting a range and quality of services that will maximize utilization by the target population.

• This model is an adaptation of “Multi-Attribute Utility Analysis” (MAUA) to problems of modeling and synthesis in applied research. • The Decision-Making model has three stages: • Problem modeling: In this stage, identification of the need takes place. The decision problem is conceptualized by options and decision attributes. • Quantification: In this stage, measurements contained in the need identification are transformed to reflect the decision makers’ values and interests. • Synthesis: In this stage, an index that orders options on need will be provided. This index also gives information on the relative standing of these needs. • Bradshaw identified four types of outcome expectations that support judgments of needs (McKillip, 1987): • Normative need: Expectations based on expert identification of adequate levels of performance or service.

(This type of expectations may miss real needs of target population.) • Felt need: Expectations that members of a group have for their own outcomes (e.g., parents’ expectations about the appropriate amount of elementary level mathematics instruction). • Expressed need: Expectations based on behavior of a target population. Expectations are indicated by use of services (e.g., waiting lists, enrollment pressure, or high bed occupancy rates). • Comparative need: Expectations based on the performance of a group other than the target population. (Comparative expectations mainly depend on the similarity of the comparison group and the target population. In addition, such expectations can neglect unique characteristics that invalidate generalizations.). • Further, in planning needs analysis/assessment (or any other research), it is important to consider multiple measures (e.g., different types of measures for the same construct) and different methods of assessment (e.g. Buy Alpengeist Font more. , client surveys – questionnaires, key informant interviews; McKillip, 1987).